The City of Oxford is located in Lafayette County in the north central portion of Mississippi, approximately equidistant between St. Louis, Missouri and New Orleans, Louisiana. The area's topography is characterized by rolling hills. The City, which was incorporated in 1837, presently (2007) covers an area of 16.5 square miles and has a population of roughly 19,000.

The City is the home of the University of Mississippi, which was established in 1848. The University has produced 24 Rhodes scholars, and is ranked among the top 30 institutions with largest endowments per student.